The Balvicar Blog

A group of us went to look for waxcaps, earth-tongues and club fungi - the indicator species of unimproved grasslands.  Within an area of about 300 x 100 metres we found 9 kinds of waxcap, which signifies that the site is of "regional importance" according to the scale normally used.  These two are the Snowy Waxcap, one of only two all-white waxcap species, and the Golden Waxcap, which is very sticky on top.

The very slimy Heath Waxcap, recognisable by its glutinous gill edges, and the Scarlet Waxcap, which also has a slimy cap, sometimes, but not always, yellow-edged as here.

The Honey Waxcap, which smells of honey, and the Meadow Waxcap, one of the larger species, easily recognised by its whitish stem contrasting with the pastry-coloured cap.

The Parrot Waxcap is the only species with any green colouring.  The amount of green varies and is greater on young specimens.  Both cap and stem are very slimy; you can see the glutinous layer on the edge of the cap in the photo.  The greyish one is Hygrocybe lacmus, I think, but am awaiting expert determination.  It was out of the ground and the stem base could not be located, so H flavipes can't be ruled out.  We also found the Crimson Waxcap but I omitted to get a photo of it.

We found two kinds of Earth-tongue.  This is Geoglossum fallax, with a dry surface.  The stem is clearly distinct from the club, the stem being a dark brown colour and the club black.  The stem is covered by a network of hair tufts.

This one is Geoglossum glutinosum, the Sticky Earth-tongue.  The whole thing is covered in a layer of slime which shows well in the close-up picture (the stem is torn in this pic).

We only found one kind of club fungus at our target site, the densely tufted Golden Spindles.  At another site nearby which some of us visited after lunch, we found the Yellow Club Fungus, which occurs in looser clusters.

We tried to concentrate on grassland indicator fungi and ignore all the other intriguing kinds around us, but I did get the camera out for these two, the Saffron Parasol (Cystoderma amianthinum) and a Blackish Puffball with the entire length of its stem fused to an old bracken stem.

Just as a taster of what else is out there, here are a couple of very small species that I've had to give up on.  The first were in the layer of moss on top of a rock.  The gills and stem are hairy, but I couldn't get a spore print.  The second looks like an Omphalina, but there was no lichenised material around its base, and the stem base is remarkably bulbous.  The picture was taken at home.  Again no spore print.  I find these tiny delicate mushrooms fascinating but I'd spend a fortnight poring over books and microscopes for every day in the field if I insisted on identifying them all. 

A view of the site.  You can see traces of an old field system in the centre-left.  The land is grazed by sheep and cattle, keeping the turf short, ideal conditions for waxcaps.

Parts of the site had numerous anthills which were completely grown over with moss but had active colonies of the Yellow Meadow Ant inside.  The site we visited after lunch was not so good for waxcaps but we did see this splendid Ground Beetle, Carabus problematicus.

All photos and other content copyright © Carl Farmer

We caught the 10:00 hours ferry from Port Appin and we were soon walking around the coast by 'The Point' of Lismore. Looking north-west across to the mainland, mist was hanging low above the water allowing the hills to show themselves. Several Common Seals were close by in the sea inquisitively checking us out. We passed a small pebbly beach at Port Aineainn where a Rowan Tree was full of berries and a Blackthorn bush was growing prostrate over some large rocks of limestone.

We came to Park, a small farm, where we joined a good track heading towards Port Ramsay. After stopping to look at a pair of Lime Kilns we discovered some Red Bartsia at the side of the track. We stopped for a drink and a snack, sitting on some upturned boats looking over to Eilean Ramsay an idyllic spot. As we sat taking in the view, a group of about 30 Ringed Plover landed on a spit extending from the island. There were also several Grey Herons about, giving away the fact that this was also the home for a small heronry. The route now took us past the old white painted cottages at Port Ramsay, which I believe are now mainly holiday lets, then continuing on to Fennachrochan with its group of four or five houses.

As we followed the track by the houses a Stonechat attracted our attention in the scrubland off to the right, chatting away on its visible perch.  Once past the houses we turned south following a footpath down to a bay overlooking the salmon farm which is situated in front of the small island of Eilean Loch Oscair. In the background, across Loch Linnhe on the mainland we could see the vast Glensanda quarry.

After crossing a large ladder stile we past another lime kiln to our right and on the damp stony track ahead, we came across a few patches of Yellow Saxifrage.  Continuing along the coast we came to two ruined cottages, where we had our first glimpse of Castle Coeffin in the distance.  The sea was now close by as we walked along some low cliffs getting nearer to the castle with every step.

To avoid a rather difficult route to the castle we entered a gate and crossed to the track leading to Clachan. This meandered uphill for a while before flattening out and providing a very pleasant walk back to the main road. The Heritage Centre and Café were signed to off to our right in 750 metres and although in the wrong direction, the idea of a hot drink and something tasty to eat was too tempting.

An example of an old crofter's cottage sits beside the Heritage Centre and gives an interesting insight into the construction and living conditions.  The walls must be four foot thick, with the thatched roof held on by thick ropes.  We sat outside on the balcony of the café and enjoyed our coffee and scones in pleasant September sunshine. The walk was taking longer than expected, so we opted for the 18:35 hours ferry so we were able to take our time walking back along the road to the ferry at 'The Point'.

The Parish Church at Clachan probably stands on the original site of the historic Cathedral Church of St Moluag's,. whilst in the field opposite lies the ancient Sanctuary Stone. Continuing back along the road north to the ferry we recorded several plants in the roadside verges including Angelica,  Meadow Cranesbill, Autumn Hawkbit, Hogweed, Prickly Sowthistle, Bush Vetch, Ox-eye Daisy, Ragged Robin, Red Campion, Nipplewort, Pignut and Tuberous Comfrey to name but a few.

The road north affords excellent views in all directions and it was a pleasure completing our walk back to 'The Point' and our ferry back to Port Appin.  We arrived back in plenty of time to catch the 18:35 hours boat back across the short distance to our starting point at the Pierhouse Restaurant. The walk had been a distance of eight miles but with all the wonderful distractions it had seemed a lot shorter.

Richard Wesley - Seil Natural History Group

SNHG Website :- http://seilnature.spaces.live.com/

We caught the 10:00 hours ferry from Port Appin and we were soon walking around the coast by 'The Point' of Lismore. Looking north-west across to the mainland, mist was hanging low above the water allowing the hills to show themselves. Several Common Seals were close by in the sea inquisitively checking us out. We passed a small pebbly beach at Port Aineainn where a Rowan Tree was full of berries and a Blackthorn bush was growing prostrate over some large rocks of limestone.

We came to Park, a small farm, where we joined a good track heading towards Port Ramsay. After stopping to look at a pair of Lime Kilns we discovered some Red Bartsia at the side of the track. We stopped for a drink and a snack, sitting on some upturned boats looking over to Eilean Ramsay an idyllic spot. As we sat taking in the view, a group of about 30 Ringed Plover landed on a spit extending from the island. There were also several Grey Herons about, giving away the fact that this was also the home for a small heronry. The route now took us past the old white painted cottages at Port Ramsay, which I believe are now mainly holiday lets, then continuing on to Fennachrochan with its group of four or five houses.

As we followed the track by the houses a Stonechat attracted our attention in the scrubland off to the right, chatting away on its visible perch.  Once past the houses we turned south following a footpath down to a bay overlooking the salmon farm which is situated in front of the small island of Eilean Loch Oscair. In the background, across Loch Linnhe on the mainland we could see the vast Glensanda quarry.

After crossing a large ladder stile we past another lime kiln to our right and on the damp stony track ahead, we came across a few patches of Yellow Saxifrage.  Continuing along the coast we came to two ruined cottages, where we had our first glimpse of Castle Coeffin in the distance.  The sea was now close by as we walked along some low cliffs getting nearer to the castle with every step.

To avoid a rather difficult route to the castle we entered a gate and crossed to the track leading to Clachan. This meandered uphill for a while before flattening out and providing a very pleasant walk back to the main road. The Heritage Centre and Café were signed to off to our right in 750 metres and although in the wrong direction, the idea of a hot drink and something tasty to eat was too tempting.

An example of an old crofter's cottage sits beside the Heritage Centre and gives an interesting insight into the construction and living conditions.  The walls must be four foot thick, with the thatched roof held on by thick ropes.  We sat outside on the balcony of the café and enjoyed our coffee and scones in pleasant September sunshine. The walk was taking longer than expected, so we opted for the 18:35 hours ferry so we were able to take our time walking back along the road to the ferry at 'The Point'.

The Parish Church at Clachan probably stands on the original site of the historic Cathedral Church of St Moluag's,. whilst in the field opposite lies the ancient Sanctuary Stone. Continuing back along the road north to the ferry we recorded several plants in the roadside verges including Angelica,  Meadow Cranesbill, Autumn Hawkbit, Hogweed, Prickly Sowthistle, Bush Vetch, Ox-eye Daisy, Ragged Robin, Red Campion, Nipplewort, Pignut and Tuberous Comfrey to name but a few.

The road north affords excellent views in all directions and it was a pleasure completing our walk back to 'The Point' and our ferry back to Port Appin.  We arrived back in plenty of time to catch the 18:35 hours boat back across the short distance to our starting point at the Pierhouse Restaurant. The walk had been a distance of eight miles but with all the wonderful distractions it had seemed a lot shorter.

Richard Wesley - Seil Natural History Group

SNHG Website :- http://seilnature.spaces.live.com/

This month's Seil Natural History Group midweek recording walk took us to Glencruitten House Woods, an area of mostly coniferous plantation of which there are plans to manage in a more nature-friendly way. 

Thanks to the wet weather the mushroom season has started early, and we spent much our time foraging among the fungi.  These two are Russula species.  The red one may well be Russula emetica.  The purple one is past its best and probably not possible to identify.

This handsome brown mushroom the colour of polished furniture is Tricholoma fulvum, growing under Birch and known as the Birch Knight.  Thanks to Geoffrey Kibby for the ID.  The young one on the right is also associated with Birch; it's the Brown Birch Bolete, Leccinum scabrum.  The mosses at its base are Polytrichum formosum (probably) and Thuidium tamariscinum.  This Bolete was one of the commonest mushrooms in the woods; we found it in several places.

Tricholomopsis rutilans, or Plums and Custard, growing on an old stump, and the False Chanterelle, Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca, on another.

The Wrinkled Club Fungus, Clavulina rugosa, and its close relative the Crested Coral Fungus, Clavulina coralloides, both formed extensive patches on the gloomy Spruce floor.

The dark forest depths also had Micromphale perforans, which is fruiting abundantly in Spruce forests across Argyll at present.  It forms large troops but the individual mushrooms are small, the caps mostly no more than 1 cm across.  Each stem is densely covered with short dark hairs and attached to a dead spruce needle.  On an altogether different scale are these chunky Lactarius deterrimus with their remarkable orange and green colouration, not easy to capture at such low light levels.

We found two conspicuous slime moulds, both showing signs of having been battered by heavy rain.  I think the first may be young Lycogala terrestre (Wolf's Milk).  Thanks to Malcolm Storey for nudging me in the right direction.  The second is unmistakable, the orange-pink Tubifera ferruginosa, made up of tiny tubes packed together.

While we admired Oban Bay from one of the forest's high viewpoints, I took this picture of a Heather Fly (Bibio pomonae) feeding on Heather pollen.  It plays a major part in pollinating the heather plants, so both benefit from the relationship.  It's similar to the St Mark's Fly (Bibio marci) which is so common in the Spring, but the Heather Fly has the top part of its leg red, as can be seen in the photo. This Ruby Tiger caterpillar was walking across the path, perhaps looking for something to fatten itself up on before hibernation.  They eat a wide range of common plants.

Below is the panorama of Oban from the viewpoint and to the left is Angel Wings (Pleurotus porrigens) which was found on our way back to the car park.

Carl Farmer and Richard Wesley

The July  midweek recording walk began in the layby at the head of Loch Feochan and followed the initial stages of the Coffin Route that goes from Balinoe to Scammadale.  Our target square was NM8723 but we also wandered into NM8823, both squares with no existing botanical records.

From the layby which is always a good viewpoint to stop and look for birds there was a variety of species including Mute Swan, Canada Geese, Grey Heron, Oystercatcher and this female Common Eider in the picture below,    As we turned onto the footpath at Balinoe we had good views of two Spotted Flycatchers swooping out to snaffle prey from a vantage point on a fence, and another pair doing the same thing from a branch.

Our route took us up a farm track to a muddy cattle feeding area.  There were typical farmyard ruderals such as Corn Spurrey, Persicaria, Pale Persicaria, Pineapple Mayweed, Water-pepper and Marsh Cudweed.  An unexpected member of this assemblage was Heath Groundsel, below left.  The plants were hairier than is usual for this species, which is similar to ordinary Groundsel but has short recurved ray florets around the outside of the flowerhead.  It is a weed of bare ground but I'm used to seeing it on better drained, less fertilised soils.

The mushroom Panaeolus semiovatus, which we've had before, was common on the cattle dung.  The yellow-brown mushroom in the picture above is an Agrocybe species, but I can't get it any closer than that.

Following much discussion about the best route to take we ended up charging through head-high bracken hoping that before long we'd find ourselves on a path.  We finished up in a clearing with fine views over Loch Feochan, where we sat and had lunch while a scout climbed the hill to spy out a bracken-free escape route.

In places the bracken had "Little Black Puddings", the galls of Dasineura pteridis on the underside of the pinnules.  The Plume Moth resting on bracken is Platyptilia pallidactyla.  Thanks to Martin Honey for suggesting this and Colin Hart for confirming it.  Its larval food plants are Yarrow and Sneezewort which were both quite plentiful in the vicinity.

This caterpillar on a Meadow Foxtail stem is a result of the recent invasion of Silver Y moths.  Common Red Soldier Beetles were out in numbers.  This one is braving the spines to reach a Creeping Thistle flower where it will lie in wait for some flying insect.  It's easily identified by the dark tips to the wing-cases.  I'd be interested to hear if anyone spots any other kind of soldier beetle.  I'm sure there are several to be found in the area but they are under-recorded in Scotland.  Even the Common Red is said to be "Common throughout England and Wales although more local in the north and southern Scotland and with only a few records north of Ayr"  (www.thewcg.org.uk/Cantharidae/0027G.htm ) but we saw dozens of them.  Many other species are grudgingly admitted to occur as far north as Dumfries but no word of anything beyond.  This probably has more to do with the shortage of observers than the shortage of beetles, in sparsely-populated areas like Argyll.  Our recording walks aim to fill in some of these omissions.

Carl Farmer and Richard Wesley

Our field trip today took us to the solitude and beautiful landscape of the intriguingly titled "Black Lochs" near North Connel.  Leaving the A85 main road we followed a track towards Achaleven Farm and on past Cuil-uaine to the lochs.  They are renowned for their variety of dragonflies and damselflies, but we did not expect to see too much as the weather forecast was  poor.  Luckily it remained dry, and there was a lot of damselfly activity despite the lack of sunshine.

Most numerous were the Common Blues.  This is a pair in tandem.  The female is of the usual green form; occasionally they are blue like the males but they always have much more black than the males.

Female Emerald Damselflies were fairly numerous.  They are said to rest with their wings half-open.  In practice they seem to do this half the time and rest with wings closed (like other damselflies) half the time.  The pictures show both positions.

Blue-tailed Damselflies were also present; the one on the left is a female.  The only dragonflies seen were one or two Black Darters, like the female on the right.

As we sat by the loch side having lunch we were entertained by Swifts, House Martins and Sand Martins which are all attracted by the loch's rich insect pickings.  Frogs and toads were seen among the loch-edge vegetation.

Common Green Grasshoppers were leaping about and outwitting everyone's catching skills, but the one on the left was spotted resting on a bracken frond, and the RH one landed on a coat lining, and liked it so much there it allowed a close approach.  The two are different colour variants, one having green sides and the other brown.  Most grasshopper species vary a lot in colour, but the Common Green can be recognised (out of the 4 Argyll species) by the shape of the pronotum and its lack of a broad pale hind margin.  This is an indicator species of unimproved grassland and is common in the west of Scotland where a lot of such habitat survives.

Another insect that tried to join our party was this Forest Bug, which was noticed on a rucksack when we stopped to eat.  It was reluctant to leave and would happily have accompanied us back to Connel.

As we approached Kilvaree we were treated to a nice selection of interesting birds. Firstly a male Wheatear appeared on a rock close by and then a family of Whinchat were heard chatting and calling between the bracken and a post and wire fence. Accompanying them was a juvenile Pied Wagtail on the wire and further along  a group of Twite were feeding on the ground,  looking like small mice as they extracted loose seeds from the track.

The black spiny caterpillar determinedly crossing the track will soon be a Peacock butterfly.  It has left the nettle web where it grew up and is looking for somewhere to pupate.  The second generation of Small Tortoiseshells are already on the wing and looking very fresh and bright.  We found some of their abandoned webs on a clump of nettles, together with one small caterpillar that had been left behind, probably parasitised.  We also found several abandoned Painted Lady webs on Creeping Thistle, so we should get a second generation of those soon.

Many Green-veined Whites and Meadow Browns were seen, and a probable Dark Green Fritillary. Trailing St John's Wort was a pleasing find here and there along the track.  Other interesting plants found were Great Willowherb in waste ground at Connel, Slender Sedge along the loch edges, and Whorled Caraway in great abundance in the Kilvaree area.  The Ink-cap fungi on the right were growing on the site of a former manure heap.

Carl Farmer and Richard Wesley

We had good weather once again and a record turnout of sixteen for our midweek
recording walk to Eilean Buidhe.  I've put some pictures in the album and there are
already some great ones in there by others who were on the walk - more to come,
I hope.

The island was very flowery with lots of Thyme, Yellow Iris, Catsear, Thrift,
Ragged Robin, Bell Heather and many other colourful plants. Heath Spotted
Orchid was plentiful, and Common Spotted, Northern Marsh and Northern Fragrant
Orchids were also seen. The latter (Gymnadenia borealis) used to be regarded as
a subspecies of "Fragrant Orchid" but has been made a full species following DNA
analysis. Most Fragrant Orchids found in Argyll will be this species. The
other two new species of Fragrant Orchid are unlikely in Argyll but not
impossible. Any Fragrant Orchid with the lowest petal clearly broader than
long, or with the two side flaps more than 5 mm long and only 1 mm wide, should
be investigated carefully.

The island is notable for the amount of Juniper, a species of conservation
concern. Both male and female bushes were present, the latter with plenty of
fruit. Two galls associated with Juniper were found. The fungal gall
Gymnosporangium cornutum has alternate generations on Juniper and Rowan, and the
Rowan saplings on the island were very heavily infected by it, to a much greater
degree than I've seen on Rowan elsewhere. This is doubtless because they were
growing in or near Juniper from which the fungal spores can spread to them in
large quantities. As the Juniper itself didn't seem to be much harmed by the
fungus, you could almost say that the fungus is beneficial to it by preventing
Rowan from taking over. The other gall was that of the gall-midge Oligotrophus
juniperinus.

Rosy took these excellent photos below of a  juvenile Wheatear confirming breeding at

Puilladobhrain and a Meadow Pipit.  Out at sea there was a raft or should I say crèche of

about thirty juvenile Greylag Geese without their parents. On the mainland we saw Stonechat

and heard Sedge Warbler, along with a Rock Pipit along the water's edge.

Butterflies observed on the island were Painted Lady, Meadow Brown and Common Blue,
while Small Copper was seen on the Seil mainland nearby.

A blue damselfly was also seen on the island, awaiting examination of photos.

There will be a complete species list provided shortly, which as normal is stored in the files

section on the SNHG Yahoo Group.  If anyone has any further records from the

trip that we might not have heard about, please let us know.

Carl and Richard

Today I was at the Seil Island Hall at Ellenabeich where a very exciting project is underway.  The area around the hall is being made into gardens with the help of the BBC's Beechgrove Garden team, and will soon feature on the programme.  There will be a wildlife garden, also flower and vegetable gardens, native hedging and a variety of other features.  All of it will be managed with wildlife in mind, and the results will be closely monitored.  To start off with, I'm surveying the whole site in its present form.  All the species present are being recorded, so that we can observe how they respond to the changes and see which new species move in and old ones move out as the site develops.

Here are a few photos I took while doing the survey.  I only surveyed one long grassy embankment; there is a lot more to do!  The embankment was built long ago with waste from slate quarrying, and has many slates on its surface exposed to the sun.  On a hot day like today these become extremely warm.

Ideal conditions for ants, and they make the most of it.  Many of the slates have colonies of the Black Garden Ant underneath them, like this one with workers and larvae.  Look out for their flying swarms around August.

There are virtually no other invertebrates under these slates.  Perhaps the ants eat them all.  The chunk of slate in the RH pic has a hollow beneath it where a toad lives; the fern is the Black Spleenwort, growing in thin soil over slate on the bank.  This kind of habitat has been colonised by plants typical of natural rock outcrops, such as Wild Thyme, Birdsfoot Trefoil, Herb Robert and English Stonecrop, which all attract bees and butterflies.

Here's a Small Copper butterfly feeding on English Stonecrop flowers, and then resting on a slate to show its underside markings.  Other butterflies seen were Painted Lady, which is currently present in Argyll in large numbers, Orange Tip and Green-veined White.

The flowers on the bank were visited by several Carder Bees (Bombus pascuorum) while I was there.  I noticed other kinds of bumblebees in other parts of the garden but could not tell what they were.

Parts of the bank with bare slate lacking any soil covering have species typical of disturbed ground, such as this Smooth Hawksbeard, much like any other yellow Composite on top, but with a delicate red, white and yellow pattern to the floret undersides.

Sheep's Sorrel is another of the ruderals that take advantage of the bank's bare slaty bits.  The Seil Island Hall is in the background.  The House Sparrow is having a dust bath in the track that runs along the bottom of the bank, which is yet to be made up.

A Silver-ground Carpet moth fluttered over the bank, landing on various leaves, sometimes with its wings half-closed and sometimes keeping them open.

Areas of the bank with deeper soil support grasses and tall herbs, the most conspicuous elements at this time of year being Sweet Vernal-grass, Tall Oat Grass, Red Fescue, Ribwort Plantain, Cowslip (perhaps originally planted) and Nettle.  These pictures show Nettle galled by the fungus Puccinia urticata, and Red Fescue stems ringed with Epichloe festucae, in its white "Neotyphodium" stage, without fruitbodies.  If the fruitbodies form it will turn yellow, like this one (a related species), but E festucae has never yet been known to form fruitbodies in Britain.  Thanks to Stuart Dunlop and Malcolm Storey for help with the identification.

The find of the day was this 11-spot Ladybird, a vice-county first according to the NBN map.  It was not on the bank but on the slaty slope leading down to the water near the Hall entrance.  (Picture is posed, not in situ)

We had fine weather for our midweek recording walk at Kilmartin on Tuesday, and guided by Alan who lives nearby, we walked around the hill Barr Mor, recording in squares NR8399 and NR8499. This route gave us great views of the surrounding countryside and of the Kilmartin valley down to Moine Mhor and the Crinan Canal. Also in the foreground was Kilmartin Castle, which has been restored in recent years.  

As we began the walk a Grasshopper Warbler could heard reeling close to the village and a female Stonechat sat up on a perch nearby.  Cuckoo Flowers were blooming merrily and the Cuckoo itself was heard too. There were huge numbers of Wolf Spiders hunting over the grass, and caterpillars of  both the Garden Tiger and Drinker Moths were quite plentiful and conspicuous.   

One of the highlights was a freshly emerged Emperor Moth which allowed us to approach as close as we wished. Dor Beetles (Geotrupes stercorosus) were also out in numbers, as were the attractive Copse Snails (Arianta arbustorum).  Off to the west was a small gravel pits, where probably two hundred Sand Martin were swirling around the sandbanks.

       
Further ahead a male Stonechat could be seen on a perch with the female close by in a bush.  Climbing Corydalis was present in several places amongst the bracken and one clump had good early flowers, despite having hardly started its climb, which keeps pace with the bracken stalks. As we climbed towards the summit of Barr Mor a Great Spotted Woodpecker was drumming in the distance telling us spring was definitely here.

As we descended back to the village a male Blackcap was singing gloriously, welcoming us back to the village and our lunch at the Kilmartin Hotel.

Carl Farmer & Richard Wesley

This weeks midweek recording walk to Loch nan Ceardach was affected by the rain which, as forecast, got worse as the morning progressed, but we managed to reach the pub before the really heavy stuff came down.  It was too wet to take many photos, however the first one is a bit of a cheat as it shows toads mating in the loch during my quick recce a week earlier, which was on a very fine day. The loch was full of toads on that occasion, but yesterday all we could see were dead ones, probably attacked by Grey Herons. We also found spawn in various places away from water which was probably thrown up by herons or other birds after eating toads that had spawn inside them. Clearly the loch is a major breeding place and this will also attract birds. We did see and hear a Little Grebe on the loch .

Before reaching the loch we had a look round a birch wood with a sprinkling of ash trees, including one half-dead ash that had a rich coating of lichens including Sticta sylvatica, Sticta fuliginosa, Nephroma laevigata and Lobaria pulmonaria, all of which can be seen in Sallie's photo below to the right. There was one puzzling lichen with yellow dots on, which on examination appears to be an elderly Sticta colonised by an unknown yellow (green in good light) powdery species.

The fifth picture shows the cinder fungus that was on a bark less area of the ash, this is Hypoxylon multiforme, the Birch Woodwart, which we previously found on birch at Barnacarry. 90% of its records are on birch, the rest are on a variety of trees including, very infrequently, ash. Also found were three crustose lichens one on a birch tree, Pertusaria amara the bitter wart lichen, (taste it with a wet finger and it should be bitter) and two others on rocks which were identified as Fuscidea cyathoides and Lecidea lithophia.

,

The picture below shows the small mushroom growing on sheep dung on the track after we passed the loch, which I think is Panaeolus semiovatus, which we also had on the Ellenabeich walk. This species rejoices in the English names of Dung Roundhead or Egghead Mottlegill, not sure which is worse. You can see the
mottled gills, due to the dark brown spores, in the picture to the right.

The total number of records will be less than on our other walks owing to the weather, but we did get some new species including the easily recognised mosses Ulota phyllantha and Hedwigia stellata.  

Thanks to all who took part!

Carl and Richard